Castle Enigan is an extensive inter-drumlin basin with a wide range of wetland communities lying between ridges of higher ground. These raised areas support a range of habitats including wet heath, acid grasslands, scrub and wood which add considerable diversity to the site.
Much of the fen has developed on cut-over bog and some deep pools still remain. The vegetation is characterised by bottle sedge and water horsetail with associated herbs and grasses. Notable plants recorded from the fen include cowbane, narrow Buckler-fern and fen bedstraw along with the mosses Calliergon cordifolium, Sphagnum fimbriatum and Sphagnum squarrosum.
The site is also important for wetland birds and invertebrates. Notable species include the ground beetle Pterostichus aterrimus, the water beetle Laccornis oblongus and the water bug Hebrus ruficeps.
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