The area is of special scientific interest for oakwood and its nationally significant number of rare and notable woodland plants. This unique woodland plant assemblage is one of the richest in Northern Ireland and has been recognised by prominent botanists such as David Moore as early as 1832, and Robert Lloyd Praeger in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Today, the overall diversity of the woodland has been largely maintained with a number of rare species given special protection.
The rare and notable species that occur in Errigal Glen today have been influenced by past management of the woodland and the variation of local edaphic conditions. Recent management of the wood has been one of minimal intervention. It is hoped that continued sensitive management of the woodland will ensure that the rich assemblage of species in Errigal Glen is maintained.
Errigal Glen also provides an important habitat for animals, including breeding birds and mammals. Mammals present include otter and badger.
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